卡巴匹林钙水分测定法的改进

对《中国兽药典》中卡巴匹林钙的水分测定法进行了改进,从取样量、加入样品后的搅拌时间、二甲基甲酰胺与无水甲醇的比例、连续测定样品的份数、滴定杯中的溶剂使用量5个方面对现行标准方法进行了优化,解决了现行标准方法测定结果平行性差、无法真实反映产品质量等问题。通过与干燥失重法和气相色谱法的比较,验证了改进后方法的可靠性。还对现行标准方法问题产生的原因、实验的注意事项等进行了研究。     

3株木霉(Trichoderma spp.)对华山松疱锈病菌锈孢子的破坏作用

从不同来源的茶藨生柱锈锈孢子堆和疱锈病枝干上分离获得3株木霉,室内生测结果表明,3株木霉的菌丝和培养滤液对锈孢子壁有较强的破坏作用;菌株TR2和TR3在锈孢子堆上生长速度快,锈孢子死亡率随孢子壁破坏率的增加而升高,锈孢子壁对孢壁降解酶有强烈诱导作用;TR1对锈孢子壁的破坏作用弱于TR2和TR3,但在PD培养液中有较强的产毒能力,锈孢子壁能抑制TR1菌株产毒。     

成品糠醛微量水分测定方法的研究

本文报道了用气相色谱法和卡尔、费休法测定成品糠醛微量水分的研究。着重论述了两种方法的准确度和精密度,并用甲苯蒸馏法作了对照。研究结果证明:这两种方法的准确度和精密度均较高,用于测定糠醛微量水分是可行的。测定优级品糠醛水分范围的结果都比甲苯蒸馏法为高,测定一级品糠醛水分范围的结果都比甲苯蒸馏法为低的偏差规律。     

Expression of TMEM16A as a calcium-activated chloride channel in Fischer rat thyroid follicular epithelial cells and its electrophysiologic pro-perties

AIM：To investigate the expression of transmembrane protein 16A(TMEM16A) in Fischer rat thyroid follicular epithelial (FRT) cells and its electrophysiologic properties. METHODS：The eukaryotic expression vector of pUB6/V5-TMEM16A was constructed and transfected into FRT cells by liposome-mediated transfection. In order to obtain the high efficiency of gene transfection and expression, the quantity and ratio of lipid/DNA complexes were optimized. The FRT cells stably expressing TMEM16A were gained by the selection with blasticidin and confirmed by the techniques of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. The expression and location of TMEM16A in the FRT cells were observed under an inverted fluorescence microscope. TMEM16A protein was associated with calcium-dependent chloride current, as measured with halide-sensitive fluorescent protein and patch-clamp technique. RESULTS：The results of double digestion and sequencing indicated that TMEM16A was cloned into pUB6/V5. The results of RT-PCR and immunofluorescence confirmed that TMEM16A was expressed in the FRT cells after transfection with TMEM16A. The classical calcium-activated chloride channel currents were recorded in the FRT cells stably expressing TMEM16A by the technique of patch-clamp and halide-sensitive fluorescent protein YFP-H148Q/I152L. CONCLUSION：The protein expression of TMEM16A in the FRT cells was observed. TMEM16A is the molecular identity of calcium-activated chloride channels.     

长肢秀体溞对富营养化水体藻类的生物操纵

在实验室和开放生态系统中研究了长肢秀体溞(D iaphanosoma leuchtenbergianumF ischer)对斜生栅藻(Scem edesmus obliquusTurp)、铜绿微囊藻(M icrocystis aeruginosa)和蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosaCh ick)的牧食力和对水体中浮游动物和藻类数量、生物量、群落结构及水体中理化性质的影响,结果表明:藻类生物量在一定范围内,长肢秀体溞的摄食速度随藻类生物量增加而增加,藻类生物量超过一定值(即饱和值)时,摄食速度随之下降。长肢秀体溞对斜生栅藻和小球藻具有较高的选择性,对铜绿微囊藻的选择性较差。水泥池中每升水放养长肢秀体溞600个以上,即可对水体中浮游动物和藻类的数量、生物量、群落结构产生显著的影响,同时降低水体中总氮、总磷和CODMn的浓度,增加水体透明。7月份之前,可以利用放养长肢秀体溞的方法来控制水体中藻类。     

带鱼高F值寡肽的制备工艺及活性

以带鱼为原料,通过双酶分步水解制备蛋白酶解液,利用活性炭吸附脱除芳香族氨基酸,紫外和氨基酸组成分析测定高F值寡肽(HFP)的F值,并对昆明小鼠体内的活性进行了系统评价。酶解实验结果显示,带鱼蛋白采用胃蛋白酶和风味蛋白酶进行双酶分步水解,胃蛋白酶的最优酶解工艺参数为酶用量3%,料液比1∶5(g/m L),温度35°C,p H 2.0,酶解时间3 h;风味蛋白酶的最优酶解工艺参数为酶用量3%,p H 7.0,温度50°C,酶解时间3 h。活性炭型号筛选和脱芳工艺研究表明,4号粉末活性炭(200目)优于其他4种活性炭,在料液比1∶20(g/m L)、p H 6.0、常温下处理4 h,蛋液的脱芳率最高,F值(OD220/OD280)由脱芳前的5.75增加到脱芳后的30.72。制备的带鱼高F值寡肽经氨基酸组成分析验证,F值(支链氨基酸/芳香族氨基酸)为28.06。活性实验结果显示,与对照组相比,高F值寡肽剂量组昆明小鼠的醉酒时间明显延长,醒酒时间显著缩短,力竭游泳时间明显延长,游泳后的剂量组肝糖原和肌糖原含量增加,血清尿素氮和乳酸含量下降,而乳酸脱氢酶活性则明显提高。另外,剂量组小鼠体内的抗氧化酶SOD、GSH-Px和CAT的活性均显著提高,而丙二醛含量则显著减少。本实验为带鱼高F值寡肽的制备提供技术支持,所制备的高F值寡肽对小鼠具有较好的抗醉酒、醒酒、抗疲劳作用和抗氧化活性。     

鱼鳞云杉干部挥发性成分与云杉大黑天牛危害的关系研究

收集鱼鳞云杉健康木和被害木干部挥发性物质,利用GC-MS方法对挥发性物质进行定性和定量分析,比较两者之间挥发性物质种类和含量的差异,分析鱼鳞云杉干部挥发性成分与云杉大黑天牛寄主选择的关系。结果表明:健康鱼鳞云杉干部挥发性物质共42种成分,其中相对质量分数最大的是神圣亚麻三烯(16.04%),其次是α-葑烯(14.24%);被害鱼鳞云杉干部挥发性物质共43种,其中相对质量分数最大的成分是β-蒎烯(18.07%),其次是α-蒎烯(12.39%)。在健康木和被害木的挥发性成分中,烯萜类化合物均占70%以上。鱼鳞云杉树势由健康向衰弱转变时,主要烯萜类化合物含量发生变化,3-蒈烯、异柠檬烯、β-蒎烯、4-蒈烯、α-蒎烯等含量显著上升,而神圣亚麻三烯、α-葑烯、β-月桂烯、β-水芹烯等含量下降,这些烯萜类化合物的变化,为云杉大黑天牛定位选择适宜寄生的鱼鳞云杉提供了依据。     

A 90-day Feeding Toxicity Study of l-Serine in Male and Female Fischer 344 Rats

A subchronic feeding study of l-serine (l-Ser) was conducted with groups of 10 male and 10 female Fischer 344 rats fed a powder diet containing 0, 0.06, 0.5, 1.5 or 5.0% concentrations of l-Ser for 90 days. There were no toxicologically significant, treatment-related changes with regards to body weight, food intake, water intake or urinalysis data. In several of the hematology, serum biochemistry and organ weight parameters, significant changes were observed between some of the treated groups and the controls. All these changes, however, were subtle and lacked any corresponding pathological findings. In addition, the increased or decreased values remained within the range of the historical control values. In fact, histopathological assessment revealed only sporadic and/or spontaneous lesions. In conclusion, the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) for l-Ser was, therefore, determined to be at least a dietary dose of 5.0% (2765.0 mg/kg body weight/day for males and 2905.1 mg/kg body weight/day for females) under the present experimental conditions.     

构象透视式、纽曼投影式与费歇尔投影式的相互转化方法的讨论

对于有机化合物,给出其费歇尔投影式,就很容易用R／S构型命名法对其命名,现讨论含有两个手性碳原子的有机化合物的构象透视式、纽曼投影式与费歇尔投影式的相互转化的方法。     

3株茶藨生柱锈重寄生木霉菌的形态鉴定及ITS序列分析

[目的]探讨更为客观的木霉菌鉴定手段。[方法]在形态分类的基础上结合分子鉴定手段(rDNA-ITS序列分析),对3株茶藨生柱锈重寄生木霉菌进行分类鉴定。[结果]依据TR1的培养性状和显微特征描述,初步鉴定该菌株为深绿木霉(T.atroviride);TR2、TR3的培养性状和显微特征在一定程度上相似,依据其形态特征,初步鉴定这2个菌株为绿色木霉(T.viridePers.ex Fr.)。从Genbank中深绿木霉和绿色木霉的6个菌株与TR1、TR2T、R3所作的系统发育树可知,TR1应该归为深绿木霉,TR2和TR3属同种真菌,应该归为绿色木霉,这与形态学观察结果一致。[结论]形态特征结合ITS序列分析可作为木霉菌分类鉴定的依据。